Determining the least expensive path for a new subway line underneath a metropolis like New York City is a colossal planning challenge—involving thousands of potential routes through hundreds of city ...
This study proposes an enhanced Black-kite Algorithm (BKA), termed SMNBKA-ICMIC, to improve optimization performance. The algorithm introduces four key improvements: ICMIC-based initialization to ...
The notion of a quantum computer was introduced by Feynman 1 as a solution to the limitations of conventional or classical computers. In numerous fields algorithms designed for quantum computers ...
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